Establishment of free surface related multiple migration method based on PSPI theory

Abstract

Seismic exploration will be affected in many ways, leading to the phenomenon of missing seismic data. Conventional imaging cannot accurately reflect the structure of underground media. This paper is based on the data to data migration which purpose of this method is used to compensate for the missing seismic data. The illumination of the underground media is reduced by rarefying the shot gathers. The seismic data containing primaries and free-surface related multiples are employed in upward and downward extrapolation simultaneously. And the field data has been transformed into frequency domain. Finally, using cross-correlation imaging conditions, the shallow imaging effect obtained is consistent with conventional imaging, and the deep imaging can provide more abundant imaging information. This method has a high imaging accuracy and does not require multiples prediction processing, which greatly reduces the operation process and avoids the possible errors of multiples prediction. Meanwhile, it uses multiples imaging to enhance the processing capacity of underground structures and obtain more structural information. In the case of missing seismic data, the numerical simulation test shows that the data to data migration imaging method can play a key role in the imaging results.