Abstract
Abstract Chaetognaths are bilateral animals totally symmetrical on both sides of their body. To elucidate the manner in which cell fates are established, single blastomeres of the two-cell stage embryos of the benthic arrow worm, Paraspadella gotoi, were injected with a fluorescent lineage-tracing dye. The distribution of labels was observed in the hatchlings by using a confocal laser scanning microscope. A total of four different labeling patterns was observed: 1) the dorsal epidermis, the right half of the ventral epidermis, and the right half of the dorsal longitudinal muscles (DR pattern); 2) the dorsal epidermis, the left half of the ventral epidermis, and the left half of the dorsal longitudinal muscles (DL pattern); 3) the right half of the ventral epidermis, the ventral longitudinal muscles, the right half of the dorsal body muscles, and the primordial germ cells (PGCs) (VR pattern); and 4) the left half of the ventral epidermis, the ventral longitudinal muscles, the left half of the dorsal body m...
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