Establishment of an objective index for the diagnosis of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder by the continuous performance test “MOGRAZ”

Abstract

ObjectiveThe diagnosis of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) in Japan is mainly based on information obtained from caregivers. There is therefore a need to establish an objectivity index that can be easily used in clinical practice. The purpose of the study was to create a predictive model for the diagnosis of AD/HD using the MOGRAZ, a visual continuous performance test developed in Japan. MethodsWe collected data from an AD/HD group and a non-AD/HD group. The AD/HD group included 75 children with predominantly inattentive type AD/HD and 48 with combined type AD/HD who were aged 6 to 12 years and diagnosed at our department. The non-AD/HD group included 153 Japanese children aged 6 to 11 years enrolled in regular classes at a public elementary school. In both groups, multiple logistic regression analysis was performed using the results of MOGRAZ, age, and sex as parameters, and algorithms for a predictive diagnostic model of AD/HD were created. ResultsThe area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC-AUC) between the predominantly inattentive type AD/HD subgroup and non-AD/HD group was 0.884 (95% confidence interval: 0.837–0.932), and the ROC-AUC between the combined type AD/HD subgroup and non-AD/HD group was 0.914 (95% CI: 0.869–0.959). ConclusionThe prediction model using the MOGRAZ score allowed us to create an objectivity index to determine the diagnosis of AD/HD that can be easily used in clinical practice. We plan additional verification of this prediction model with additional participants.