Abstract
An efficient in vitro regeneration protocol from seed culture has been established successfully for Dendrobium chrysotoxum, an epiphytic orchid having tremendous ornamental and medicinal values. Seed germination response was encouraging in Mitra (M) medium enriched with different combinations of auxins and cytokinins. Medium supplemented with 0.4% activated charcoal (AC), 2 mg/L 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP), and 2 mg/L indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) produced best seed germination percentage in 2 weeks of culture. Incorporation of higher concentration of kinetin (KN) or BAP in combination with low auxin in medium induced pronounced shooting and leaf formation. Reduction in leaf development was evident when cytokinins exist singly in medium indicating synergistic effect of auxin and cytokinin in leaf induction. Presence of elevated level of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) or 1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) with low cytokinin content in medium generated more in vitro rooting, though IBA was found to be more effective in rooting induction as compared to NAA. The in vitro protocol for asymbiotic seed germination developed from the present investigation can be used for rapid mass propagation of this highly important Dendrobium orchid species.
Highlights
Dendrobium chrysotoxum belongs to the family Orchidaceae which is considered as one of the largest and most advanced angiosperms consisting of more than 25000 species
Medium supplemented with activated charcoal (AC), 2.0 mg/L benzyl amino purine (BAP), and 2.0 mg/L indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) produced highest seed germination percentage (98.1 ± 3.9) while the least was observed in basal medium without any plant growth regulators (Table 1)
[21] observed significantly high seed germination rate in C. aloifolium when MS medium was enriched with BAP and 0.2% AC
Summary
Dendrobium chrysotoxum belongs to the family Orchidaceae which is considered as one of the largest and most advanced angiosperms consisting of more than 25000 species. Erianthridin extracted from the plant produced anti-inflammatory activities [2]. They are employed as herbal drug in traditional system of medicine by indigenous people of Northeast India for treatment of various local ailments. Plants belonging to Orchidaceae are all listed in International Union of Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red Data Book. D. chrysotoxum has been recently included in Appendix II of nearly threatened species of plants and animals under CITES (Convention of International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) [4].
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