Abstract
This study aimed to compare the feasibility, success rate, and safety of establishing a rabbit VX2 liver metastasis model by percutaneous splenic implantation under CT guidance and open splenic implantation of the VX2 tumor strain. Fifty-two New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into group A (the percutaneous puncture group) (n = 26) and group B (the laparotomy group) (n = 26). In group A, 26 New Zealand white rabbits were implanted with tumor strains by percutaneous splenic puncture under CT guidance. In group B, 26 New Zealand white rabbits were implanted with tumor strains in the spleen by laparotomy. After 2–3 weeks of implantation, both group A and group B underwent MRI to confirm tumor growth in the spleen and metastasis to the liver. Two experimental rabbits randomly selected from groups A and B were killed for pathological examination. The success rate, complication rate, and operation time in groups A and B were compared and analyzed. A total of 23 rabbits in group A were successfully induced, and the success rate was 88.5% (23/26). The average time of operation was 14.42 ± 3.26 min. A total of 22 rabbits in group B were successfully induced, and the success rate was 84.6% (22/26). The average time of operation in group B was 23.69 ± 5.27 min. There was no significant difference in the success rate of induction between the two groups (P > 0.05). The MRI manifestations of liver metastases were multiple nodular and punctate abnormal signal shadows in the liver. Hematoxylin–eosin (HE) staining showed a large number of tumor cells in the tumor area. CT-guided percutaneous splenic implantation of the VX2 tumor strain to establish a rabbit liver metastasis model is a minimally invasive and feasible inducing method. The success rate of this technique is not lower than that of open splenic implantation, with low incidence of complications, and short operation time.
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