Abstract
Canine mammary tumors (CMTs) have histopathological, epidemiologic and clinical characteristics similar to those in humans and are known to be one of the best models for human breast cancer (HBC). This research aimed to describe a newly established canine cell line, CMT-1026. Tumor samples were collected from a female dog exhibiting clinical mammary neoplasm, and the adherent cells were cultured. Both the histology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) of tumor samples were estimated. Cell growth, ultrastructural, cytological and immunocytochemistry (ICC) features of CMT-1026 were examined. CMT-1026 cells were inoculated into 10 female BALB/c nude mice to evaluate oncogenicity and metastatic ability. Hematoxylin-eosin (H.E.) staining of the tumors revealed an epithelial morphology. Electron microscopy was used to detect histological and cytological of smears, and ultrathin sections showed that CMT-1026 cells were polygonal and characterized by atypia and high mitotic index in the tumor, with prominent nucleoli and multinucleated cells. IHC characterization of CMT-1026 indicated ER-, PR-, HER-2, p63+, CK5/6+, and α-SMA+ epithelial cells. ICC characterization of CMT-1026 showed high expression of Claudin-1, Delta-catenin, SOX-2, and KI-67. At 2 weeks after inoculation of the CMT-1026 cells, phyma was found in 100% of the mice. The xenograft cancers showed conservation of the original H.E. features of the female dog cancer. In conclusion, CMT-1026 may be a model of canine mammary cancer that can be used in research on the pathogenesis of both CMT and HBC.
Highlights
Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) account for ∼15% of all instances of mammary tumors without expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)
A canine mammary neoplasm was obtained from the China Agricultural University Veterinary Teaching Hospital
The CMT1026 cells have been continuously sub-cultured for 54 generations
Summary
Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) account for ∼15% of all instances of mammary tumors without expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). TNBCs cannot be treated with hormonal modalities. Patients with non-TNBC usually show longer overall survival than those with TNBC [1,2,3,4]. CMT is one of the most common diseases in unneutered dogs [5]. CMT has the second greatest tumor incidence rate after skin tumors. 50% of CMT cases are malignant [6], and CMT and HBC have similar epidemiological, histological, and clinical characteristics. CMT may serve as a good model for HBC study [7]
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