Abstract
The biodosimetric information is critical for assessment of cancer risk in populations exposed to high radon. However, no tools are available for biological dose estimation following radon exposure. Here, we established a γ-H2AX foci-based assay to determine biological dose to red bone marrow (RBM) in radon-inhaled rats. After 1–3 h of in vitro radon exposure, a specific pattern of γ-H2AX foci, linear tracks with individual p-ATM and p-DNA-PKcs foci, was observed, and the yield of γ-H2AX foci and its linear tracks displayed a linear dose-response manner in both rat peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and bone-marrow lymphocytes (BMLs). When the cumulative doses of radon inhaled by rats reached 14, 30 and 60 working level months (WLM), the yields of three types of foci markedly increased in both PBLs and BMLs, and γ-H2AX foci-based dose estimates to RBM were 0.97, 2.06 and 3.94 mGy, respectively. Notably, BMLs displayed a more profound increase of three types of foci than PBLs, and the absorbed dose ratio between BMLs and PBLs was similar between rats exposed to 30 and 60 WLM of radon. Taken together, γ-H2AX foci quantitation in PBLs is able to estimate RBM-absorbed doses with the dose-response curve of γ-H2AX foci after in vitro radon exposure and the ratio of RBM- to PBL-absorbed doses in rats following radon exposure.
Highlights
The case where details of events are poorly known and no physical dose measurements are available[14]
There was no significant difference between peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and bone-marrow lymphocytes (BMLs) in the control group
Formation of p-Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and p-DNA-PKcs foci and their co-localization with γ-H2AX foci in rat PBLs and BMLs induced by radon exposure in vitro
Summary
The case where details of events are poorly known and no physical dose measurements are available[14]. The in vitro study of human peripheral blood and animal studies using rhesus monkey and miniature pig models have demonstrated that γ-H2AX foci assay can be used for biological dose estimation of even external irradiation and local irradiation (low-LET)[23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31], and is currently the most sensitive method of biological dose estimation with a lowest dose estimate of 1 mGy32. Our findings indicate that pattern and quantitation of γ-H2AX foci may be used as a biomarker for determining the inhalation and estimating the biological doses to RBM and PBLs of radon and its progeny in human body
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