Abstract
BackgroundHuman gallbladder cancer (GBC) is an aggressive malignant neoplasm with a poor prognosis. The development of ideal tools for example tumor cell lines for investigating biological behavior, metastatic mechanism and potential treatment in GBCs is essential. In present study, we established and characterized a GBC cell line derived from primary tumor.MethodsPrimary culture method was used to establish this cell line from a primary GBC. Light and electron microscopes, flow cytometry, chromosome analysis, heterotransplantation and immunohistochemistry were used to characterize the epidemic tumor characteristics and phenotypes of this cell line.ResultsA novel GBC cell line, named TJ-GBC2, was successfully established from primary GBC. This cell line had characteristic epithelial tumor morphology and phenotypes in consistent with primary GBC, such as polygon and irregular cell shape, increased CA19-9 and AFP levels, and positive expression of CK7, CK8, CK19 and E-cadherin with negative vimentin. Moreover, about 25% of the cells were in the S-G2/M phase; abnormity in structure and number of chromosome with a peak number of 90–105 and 80% hypertetraploid were observed. Furthermore, this cell line had higher invasion and highest migration abilities compared to other GBC cell lines; and metastatic-related marker MMP9 and nm23 were positively expressed.ConclusionsA novel highly aggressive GBC cell line TJ-GBC2 was successfully established from primary GBC. TJ-GBC2 cell line may be efficient tool for further investigating the biological behaviors, metastatic mechanism and potential targeted therapy of human GBC.
Highlights
Human gallbladder cancer (GBC) is an aggressive malignant neoplasm with a poor prognosis
A novel GBC cell line, TJ‐GBC2 This present study, a cell line was in vitro successfully established from a primary tumor, which was derived from a surgically resected specimen of primary GBC, using primary culture of tissue fragment and differential adherent purified method; and the cell line was successfully frozen, resuscitated and cultured in DMEM/F12 medium supplemented with 10–20% fetal calf serum (FBS) for >60 generations
In order to verify the aggressive and metastatic capabilities of TJ-GBC2 cell line, we further examined the expression of metastatic-related marker matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) and nm23 in the xenograft of nude mice
Summary
Human gallbladder cancer (GBC) is an aggressive malignant neoplasm with a poor prognosis. The development of ideal tools for example tumor cell lines for investigating biological behavior, metastatic mechanism and potential treatment in GBCs is essential. We established and characterized a GBC cell line derived from primary tumor. Human gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the most common malignancy of the biliary tract and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in China, and is a lethal aggressive malignant neoplasm with special malignant biological characteristics, high early local invasion, extensive liver and lymph node metastases, low surgical resection rate Liu et al Cancer Cell Int (2017) 17:20 highly aggressive GBC cell line derived from primary GBC, TJ-GBC2, which may prove to be an efficient tool for further investigation of the metastatic mechanism and potential treatment of this malignant disease
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