Abstract
Despite strong political efforts in Europe, industrial small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) seem to neglect adopting practices for energy efficiency. By taking a cultural perspective, this study investigated what drives the establishment of energy efficiency and corresponding practices in SMEs. Based on 10 ethnographic case studies and a quantitative survey among 500 manufacturing SMEs, the results indicate the importance of everyday employee behavior in achieving energy savings. The studied enterprises value behavior-related measures as similarly important as technical measures. Raising awareness for energy issues within the organization, therefore, constitutes an essential leadership task that is oftentimes perceived as challenging and frustrating. It was concluded that the embedding of energy efficiency in corporate strategy, the use of a broad spectrum of different practices, and the empowerment and involvement of employees serve as major drivers in establishing energy efficiency within SMEs. Moreover, the findings reveal institutional influences on shaping the meanings of energy efficiency for the SMEs by raising attention for energy efficiency in the enterprises and making energy efficiency decisions more likely. The main contribution of the paper is to offer an alternative perspective on energy efficiency in SMEs beyond the mere adoption of energy-efficient technology.
Highlights
Increased industrial energy efficiency has been a highlighted objective in political agendas in Europe, aiming at productivity gains and ecological sustainability
The presentation of the results concentrates on those four areas that were identified as crucial in constituting decisions on energy efficiency and establishing an effective energy efficiency culture within the Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)
The results show that energy efficiency is perceived as an important issue for the SMEs, important with other factors
Summary
Increased industrial energy efficiency has been a highlighted objective in political agendas in Europe, aiming at productivity gains and ecological sustainability. Despite strong political efforts in Europe, SMEs seem to be neglecting to adopt effective measures for energy saving and efficiency. Thollander et al [3] estimate the energy efficiency potential of manufacturing SMEs in the European Union at more than 25%. Why this potential remains untapped has kept policy makers and scientists occupied since the notion of the “energy efficiency gap” [4,5] emerged; academia struggles with another empirical phenomenon often referred to as the energy “efficiency-paradox” [6]. Energy efficiency measures are often not implemented
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