Abstract
Essential oils are concentrated hydrophobic oily liquid substances extracted from different plant organs. The most common source of essential oils are clove, lavender, cinnamon, lemon grass, coriander, rosewood, cumin, ginger, oregano etc. Essential oils are a good source of several bioactive compounds and serve as antimicrobial and antioxidant compounds. In addition, essential oils have been used as natural additives for the shelf-life extension of food products, due to the risk in using synthetic preservatives. Furthermore, essential oils can be incorporated into packaging materials to prevent unavoidable microbial spoilage, and to extend shelf-life of the product. The extraction method of essential oil is most important because inappropriate extraction may damage the chemical properties. Essential oil can be extracted by several methods such as distillation, steam distillation, expression, and solvent extraction. This review article covers up the essential oil including sources, chemical composition, extraction process, antimicrobial activity of EOs, and their applications, particularly with the emphasis on preservation and the shelf-life extension of food products.
Highlights
The achievements of science in the 20th century seemed so significant that scientists did not question the foundations of science within the framework of the correct methodological basis: the unity of formal logic and rational dialectics
In the 21st century, the fact becomes obvious that many problems of science cannot be understood and solved outside the framework of the correct methodological basis. [1-121], it was first shown within the framework of the correct methodological basis that the foundations of theoretical physics, mathematics, and materialistic dialectics contain formal-logical errors
The critical analysis of the foundations of modern science shows that: (a) science enters into the greatest crisis because science contains gross methodological errors; (b) scientific researches are not carried out within the framework of the correct methodological basis: the unity of formal logic and rational dialectics
Summary
The achievements of science in the 20th century seemed so significant that scientists did not question the foundations of science within the framework of the correct methodological basis: the unity of formal logic and rational dialectics. The correct methodological basis is a criterion of truth. The elimination (removal) of the errors leads to the abolition of standard theories. This implies that science enters into the greatest crisis. This fact proves that the standard paradigm of science must be revised and replaced by the correct paradigm. A correct paradigm of science can be formulated only within the framework of the correct methodological basis (i.e., the criterion of truth). Human knowledge represents an expression of reality within the framework of the methodological basis (paradigm)
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