Abstract
The present study aimed to examine the composition of the essential oil extracted from the flowers of Algerian Artemisia judaica L. (ssp. sahariensis) and its possible used as a natural cosmetic preservative. The A. judaica essential oil (AJEO) was extracted by hydrodistillation and its composition was determined by gas chromatography (GS) and GC coupled with mass spectrometry. Twenty-nine compounds, corresponding to 93.2 % of the total composition of AJEO were identified, and piperitone was the dominant component (71.1 %). The antioxidant activity of AJEO was estimated by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test and reducing power assay. These methods revealed a 50 % DPPH inhibition at 3.94 mg/mL and a 50 % reducing power of 0.125 mg/mL. The antibacterial activity and the antibacterial efficacy of AJEO were evaluated against three bacterial strains commonly found as contaminants of cosmetics, and studied in a shampoo model during 28 days of incubation. All bacterial strains showed sensitivity against AJEO but the most sensitive was Staphylococcus aureus (minimum inhibition concentration= 0.68 mg/mL). Overall, the results obtained here suggest that AJEO can be applied in cosmetics as an antibacterial and antioxidant preservative.
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