Abstract
Valeriana celtica ssp. norica was collected until 70 years ago in huge amounts in the Austrian Alps and mainly exported to the Orient as a perfumery raw material. The essential oil contains several unusual and unknown compounds. The essential oil composition of two different populations of Valeriana celtica ssp. norica from Gleinalm and Schoberriegel (Austria) and one population of Valeriana celtica ssp. pennina from Aosta (Italy) were analysed. The populations differed significantly in all compounds (ANOVA calculated for the 17 compounds being present at concentrations of more than 1%) except α-patchoulene (with a mean value of 1.04%), an unknown compound (mean=2.35%), viridiflorol (mean=1.30%) and α-cadinol (mean=1.03%). Main differences were found, e.g. in the content of patchouli alcohol. The differences were not only related to the two different subspecies; the two Valeriana celtica ssp. norica populations also showed significantly different compositions. Further research will be necessary to distinguish between environmentally- and genetically-based differences in the essential oil composition and to elucidate the structure of some main compounds of the essential oil. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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