Abstract
The essential oil (EO) composition of Satureja plants is highly variable. Recent studies suggest that there is an even difference in the EO composition from different plant organs within the same plant. This study aims to examine the chemical profile of EOs and the micromorphological characteristics of different organs of three Satureja species. The relationship between the number of glandular trichomes and EOs profile and relative yield is also investigated. Individuals from five populations were visualized using a scanning electron microscope, while EOs of leaves, calyces, corollas, and whole aerial parts were isolated using simultaneous distillation and extraction and analyzed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Three types of glandular trichomes were detected. Peltate trichomes were present on all plant organs of studied species, while two types of capitate trichomes show different organ and species preferences. The EOs profiles differed across the plant parts, but showed a species specific composition. Univariate and multivariate statistics were used to show a correlation between the peltate trichomes and EO yield, and chemophenetic significance of EO profiles.
Highlights
Previous investigations of leaf micromorphology in S. montana and S. subspicata showed the presence of peltate glandular and variance in the presence of capitate glandular trichomes
Later research found two more types of capitate trichomes that were not observed in our samples
The present research showed that there are no differences between the studied Satureja species based on the total number of glandular trichomes, but there were significant differences between plant organs based on the number and type of glandular trichomes
Summary
Academic Editor: Attila FehérReceived: 24 February 2021Accepted: 8 March 2021Published: 9 March 2021Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).Satureja L. genus (Lamiaceae) has around 30 species of annual and perennial shrubs and semi-shrubs distributed in arid areas on sunny and open rocky cliffs [1]. S. montana L.is a widely distributed species, while S. subspicata Vis. and S. kitaibelii Wierzb. Ex Heuff.
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