Abstract
Waldheimia glabra is traditionally used as incense and as an anti-influenza drug by Tibetans in China. Here, we collected W. glabra from the Gangs Rinpoche mountain at an altitude of 5200 m, and analyzed its essential oil by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) combined with the retention indices (RI). Twenty-seven compounds, representing 72.4% of the total essential oil, were identified, including α-bisabolol (20.2%), valeranone (11.8%), chamazulene (9.9%), spathulenol (8.2%), β-caryophyllene (6.1%), and caryophyllene oxide (5.2%). Bioactivity evaluation of the essential oil revealed that it exhibited potent anti-influenza effect on viruses H3N2 and anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 macrophages, but no anti-complementary activity.
Highlights
Waldheimia glabra (Decne.) Regel (Tibetan name: ‘ghaan-poe’) is mainly distributed in India, Nepal, Pakistan, Afghanistan, and China
The results showed that the major constituents were α-bisabolol (20.2%), valeranone (11.8%), chamazulene (9.9%), spathulenol (8.2%), β-caryophyllene
The analysis of the chemical composition of this Tibetan medicinal herb and its bioactivities are of great importance for Tibetan medicine development
Summary
Waldheimia glabra (Decne.) Regel (Tibetan name: ‘ghaan-poe’) is mainly distributed in India, Nepal, Pakistan, Afghanistan, and China. In China, W. glabra is mainly distributed in the areas of Tingri, Nyalam, Zhada, and Rituo at altitudes above 4000–5400 m in Tibet, along the Transhimalayan. Himalaya is a global central region of species–rich diversity [2]. Many plants in this cold and high altitude region have been traditionally used as Tibetan medicine for their amazing efficacy in healthcare. It has not yet been recorded in Tibetan medicine, W. glabra was traditionally believed to prevent colds and fever by local people in Tibet by making incense or soup. The bioactive constituents and pharmacological actions of this plant were rarely reported
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