Essence formulation using extract from microalgae Spirulina sp as anti-aging and anti-inflammatory using variance of solvent and sonication time

Abstract

The process of skin aging is a physiological process that cannot be avoided. The skin is the part of the body that is most often exposed to external factors such as ultraviolet radiation and can affect physical appearance. One effort to overcome skin aging is with antioxidants that can counteract the Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) that cause skin wrinkles. One natural source of antioxidants is from the microalgae Spirulina sp. Spirulina sp. contains phycocyanin blue pigments about 20% dry weight. Phycocyanin is a black-blue pigment produced from extraction by the maceration method, which has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial, and antifungal properties. The stages of this research method are extraction by ultrasonication, using variable sonication time for 15 minutes, 30 minutes, and 45 minutes; solvent variables are water and ethanol; identification of the type of antioxidant; analysis of antioxidant compounds content and preparation of essence formulations. Variables in making creams are 1 gram and 2 gram extracts, and sonication time for 15 minutes and 30 minutes. In the Spirulina extraction process, the optimum sonication time is 15 minutes, with a phycocyanin content of 17,900 mg / mL. Application to the optimum essence under 15 minutes sonication conditions and 2-gram extract levels with the extract characteristics is phycocyanin levels of 9,827 mg / mL with IC50 of 118.23%, stable during storage, green, distinctive algae, smooth texture, homogeneous, and stable pH. The result of Spirulina extraction is that phycocyanin can be extracted with water and can be applied to skincare as a source of antioxidants.