Abstract
The article examines the historical trends of the development of the Bar in Russia. The way of formation and development of a professional lawyer's representation from the origins of representation in the domestic legal process in the 15th century is traced, and up to the adoption of the current Russian law on advocacy in 2002. Complex and generally contradictory relationship between the state and legal profession throughout its existence is shown. Special attention is paid to the golden age of the Russian advocacy, which began after the Great Judicial Reform of Emperor Alexander II and lasted only half a century. In this connection, both the institution of sworn attorneys and the institute of private attorneys introduced later and causing a lot of criticism were subjected to analysis. Further, the thorny path of legal profession during the Soviet period of state and law from the Decree on Court No. 1 to the Regulation on the Bar of the RSFSR of 1980 is traced. The adoption of the current Federal Law On Advocacy in 2002 was due to radical changes in Russian society, which led to an increase in the demand for qualified legal assistance and the needs for effective protection of human rights and freedoms.
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