Esophagus Cancer: Epidemiological, Clinical, Para Clinic and Evolving Aspects at Brazzaville Chu

Abstract

Introduction: Our study aimed to describe the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical and evolutionary aspects of esophageal cancer. Patients and Methods: This is a descriptive retrospective study carried out over 08 years (January 2012 to December 2020) in the gastroenterology and internal medicine department of the Brazzaville University Hospital. We included the files of patients hospitalized for CO retained on a clinical and endoscopic argument bundles. Results: During the study period, 34 cases of esophageal cancer were diagnosed, ie a hospital frequency of 0.63%. The average age was 52.97 years with extremes ranging from 29-90 years. They are made up of 24 men and 10 women with a sex ratio of 2.4 in favor of men. Alcohol-smoking poisoning was found in 21 male patients with an average of 27 packs / year. The main symptom at diagnosis was dysphagia (55.88%). Esogastroduodenal fibroscopy showed ulcerative budding and hemorrhagic lesions (50%), the site of which was mainly the abdominal esophagus (64.70%). Adenocarcinoma was the most common histologic type, 16 patients received palliative care. Conclusion: Esophageal cancer is common in males over the age of 50. Dysphagia is the most frequent reason for consultation. The distal esophagus is the most common site of esophageal cancer and the histologic type is adenocarcinoma. Among our patients, 16 received palliative care.