Esophageal Pityriasis Lichenoides Chronica

Abstract

Abstract Casestudy: Pityriasis Lichenoides is an uncommon inflammatory skin condition of unknown cause that ranges from mild chronic form to a more severe acute eruption. The mild form, pityriasis lichenoid chronica (PLC), is characterized by the gradual development of symptomless, small scaling papules that spontaneously flatten and regress over weeks. The acute form is characterized by the sudden eruption of small scaling papules that develops into blisters and crusted red brown spots. This acute form is called pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta (PLEVA). Both forms usually involve the skin of the trunk and proximal extremities. Visceral involvement is not a well described phenomenon. We report a case of a 69-year-old female with significant history of PLC controlled by immunosuppressive therapy. The patient presented with odynophagia and dysphagia that occurred after a period of discontinuation of her PLC treatment. She underwent endoscopy which showed distal esophageal narrowing and stricture. Biopsy revealed squamous esophageal mucosa with marked intraepithelial lymphocytosis along with basal cell hyperplasia, acanthosis, vacuolation and prominent apoptosis in the epithelial cells. PAS, CMV and HSV stains showed no fungal or viral organisms. The esophagus is commonly involved in a number of dermatologic conditions including pemphigus vulgaris, erythema multiforme, epidermolysis bullosa, lichen planus and lichen sclerosis. The pattern of involvement is often in the form of “lymphocytic esophagitis”. To our knowledge, there are no reported cases in the literature on PLC involving the esophagus. While the diagnosis heavily relies on clinical history of PLC, awareness of potential involvement of the esophagus and attention to certain endoscopic and morphological details may better help classify esophagitis biopsies.