Abstract
IntroductionEsophageal stenoses are frequent complications after esophageal atresia surgery as well as after acid, alkali and battery ingestion. Worldwide, repeated balloon dilatations are the most frequently performed procedures for these stenoses. In most cases the stenoses can be dilated sufficiently to allow adequate enteral nutrition. Until recently, age dependent esophageal lumen size has not been established; which was aim of the current study.MethodsAll children in whom an esophageal contrast imaging was performed between 1/2011 and 5/2021 were included. The width was measured by two investigators at two measuring points in two planes, the diameter was calculated and plotted against the respective weight of the child. Bland-Altmann plots have confirmed the validity of the measurements of both investigators.ResultsEsophagus diameter was measured in more than 100 children. The resulting curves show a very good correlation with weight (upper measuring point: r = 0.86743, p < 0.0001; lower measuring point: r = 0.80593, p < 0.0001).ConclusionThese results are the first to define the esophageal diameter in children. The results of this study may guide physicians performing esophageal interventions including dilatations in future.
Highlights
Esophageal stenoses are frequent complications after esophageal atresia surgery as well as after acid, alkali and battery ingestion
Esophageal stenoses in childhood usually result from accidental acid or alkali burns, battery ingestions, or as a result of esophageal reconstruction in children with esophageal atresia
Esophageal stenosis is a common problem for those dealing with esophageal atresia and esophageal burns
Summary
Esophageal stenoses are frequent complications after esophageal atresia surgery as well as after acid, alkali and battery ingestion. Treatment of severe stenoses often consists of repeated balloon dilatations or bougienage [2, 3] until the esophagus has stabilized at an adequate lumen size. If this cannot be achieved with dilatations and additional measures such as cortisone injections, mitomycin overlays or scar incisions, the stenosis must. When infants swallow button cell batteries they need to be removed endoscopically very quickly to avoid severe local burns, often transmural. In such cases, a locally circumscribed stenosis of the esophagus may occur [7, 8].
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