Abstract
Frauds in scientific production are not a rare phenomenon, even in the medical field. Among these frauds are some types of authorship misconduct, such as plagiarism and ghostwriting sponsored by pharmaceutical industries. Another type of misconduct, which is particularly detrimental to science, is the e-commerce of scientific works, which has been growing and frequently shown in the press. To analyze the e-commerce of scientific papers and the means by which these services are offered. Eighteen Brazilian web sites that offer elaboration of scientific papers were selected. A request for the elaboration of a final essay for a forged post-graduate course was sent to each of them. The research requested had already been completed, consequently technical, ethical and bibliographical characteristics were already known to the author. Ten enterprises accepted the order and, except for one, they have not objected to the conditions imposed: Field research, approval by an ethics committee on research and use of the Vancouver norms. Six have not replied and two have not accepted the order alleging that they had no co-workers available for the task. E-commerce of scientific papers is a fact which can negatively interfere in the ethical, scientific and professional development of graduate and post-graduate students, as well as in scientific production by adulterating data and information found in literature. A new approach is recommended, especially when evaluating final essays.
Highlights
Frauds in scientific production are not a rare phenomenon, even in the medical field. Among these frauds are some types of authorship misconduct, such as plagiarism and ghostwriting sponsored by pharmaceutical industries
Another type of misconduct, which is detrimental to science, is the ecommerce of scientific works, which has been growing and frequently shown in the press
OBJECTIVES.To analyze the e-commerce of scientific papers and the means by which these services are offered
Summary
MARIA CHRISTINA ANNA GRIEGER Trabalho realizado na Faculdade de Medicina de Itajubá – MG. As dificuldades impostas ao ser solicitada a monografia, como aplicação de questionário a três categorias de profissionais determinadas por dimensionamento amostral, necessidade de aprovação por um comitê de ética em pesquisa e utilização das normas de Vancouver, podem ter sido limitantes para 45% das empresas pesquisadas, mas não influenciaram a decisão de aceitar a encomenda com prazo de 30 dias, em 90% daquelas que aceitaram a tarefa. A dificuldade de se detectar fraudes desse tipo confere uma dimensão maior ao problema, principalmente por que, com o aumento de cursos de superiores e de pós-graduação, a demanda de graduandos e pós-graduandos acaba por gerar um grande mercado para os escritores-fantasma, hoje profissionalizados em empresas, num negócio como outro qualquer[25]. Por ser a compra de trabalhos científicos uma fraude difícil de ser detectada, as instituições de ensino superior deveriam repensar a exigência imposta a graduandos e pós-graduandos e, principalmente, modificar substancialmente os critérios de avaliação dos trabalhos científicos exigidos para a conclusão de cursos
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