Abstract
The 1994 United Nations International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) identified the centrality of defending reproductive rights and the importance of ensuring voluntary reproductive choices (UNFPA, 2019). This paper presents a review of the main theoretical models of demand for children and, by assessing the empirical counterpart of these models in an international database, points out the main socioeconomic variables determining fertility. This study shows that female schooling is the most important socioeconomic variable to explain the number of children per woman, as increased female education can expand access to information on contraceptive methods, improve employment opportunities and “empower” women in defending their sexual and reproductive choices.
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