Abstract
The diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis(MS) are based on the identification of a typical syndrome attributable to the central nervous system, the demonstration of dissemination in space and time, and the absence of a better explanation than MS. This article includes some of the demographic, clinical or paraclinical criteria that should prompt consideration of alternative diagnoses. In addition, the usage of the 18 disease-modifying drugs currently employed is reviewed, including the latest additions (diroximel fumarate, siponimod, ozanimod, ponensimod and ofatumumab), the recent indications in clinical courses other than relapsing-remitting and the symptomatic treatment of the disease.
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