Escape hill development as a strategy to improve urban safety after earthquake and tsunami Aceh 2004 based on regional planning and geotechnical aspect

Abstract

This paper examines urban safety of coastal zone in Banda Aceh city, based on multidisciplinary aspect. Firstly, from the perspective of geophysics aspect, the disasters are affected by the imbalance of the law of action-reaction, that material experiences repeated recurring collapse in return-period. Secondly, geotechnical considerations are a required to ensure the safety aspect in term of construction of escape hill. Lastly, from regional planning aspect, this research finds that the increasing of immigrating population to the high-risk coastal zone has not been followed by the development of evacuation facilities, amongst are escape hills. One consideration in escape hill development is the influence of freeboard and run up level, to obtain a safe embankment height and soil bearing capacity. Based on the soil properties c=0.03 kN/m2 and φ=32.5º was able to build escape hill up to a height of 8.00 m in stable with safety factor SF=2.6. Material sets with these variations can be proposed to establish the term of reference and detail engineering design in carrying out the escape hill construction at this location. This research finds that it is needed to build 12 more evacuation sites to improve urban safety in Banda Aceh City.