Abstract
Larvae of four Heliothis species attack cotton and other cultivated crops in six of the seven continents of the world. These species are: H. armigera (Hbn.), the American bollworm, found in Australia, Africa, Asia, and Europe; H. punctigera (Wallengren), found only in Australia; H. virescens (F.), the tobacco bud worm; and H. zea (Boddie), the cotton bollworm, corn earworm, or tomato fruitworm, found only in the Americas. Resistance to insecticides has been reported from time to time for three of these species by various investigators in different parts of the world. It is our purpose to compile the available data on the status of resistance in these species to insecticides (papers no. 1 and no. 2), to discuss the biochemical and nonbiochemical causes for this resistance (paper no. 3), and to present methods for preventing the development of resistance (paper no. 4).
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