Abstract

The risks linked to lung cancer mortality and cigarette smoking vary by race, socioeconomic status, and gender. Lung cancer mortality is 10 percent higher for Black men than White men but 31 percent higher for White women than Black women (1). Moreover, Black men have lower or equivalent mortality risks compared to those of white men at the two lowest socioeconomic status levels, but higher lung cancer mortality rates at higher levels of education. The lower socioeconomic class smokers are also more often intensely addicted to nicotine and therefore require more support in smoking cessation (2).

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