¿Es diferente el seguimiento de pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en medio rural y urbano?

Abstract

Is monitoring type II diabetes mellitus different in urban and rural environments? Objective. To determine variability in the compliance of protocols for monitoring patients diagnosed with type II diabetes mellitus in urban and rural health centres. Design. Observational, descriptive, cross sectional. Location. Three health centres in the province of Albacete (urban, rural and semi-urban). Participants. A total of 173 patients diagnosed with type II diabetes mellitus who underwent routine controls in selected health centres during the year 2008. 83 belonged to the urban centre and 45 to each of the other two centres. Main Measures. Gender, years of progress, body mass index, inner eye, electrocardiogram, microalbuminuria, glycated haemoglobin, lipid profile and glycated haemoglobin within range. Results. The average age of the diagnosed patients was 68,6 years (DE: 11,9), ranging from 40 to 89 years, of which 45,1% were female. There were no differences in age or gender distribution in the health centres. In the rural health centre, an inner eye test had been carried out on 46,7% of the patients, an electrocardiogram on 73,3%, tests for microalbuminuria on 37,8% and for glycated haemoglobin every 6 months on 86,7%, with these proportions being significantly higher than those of other centres. Glycated haemoglobin < 7 was available to 82% of the rural centre patients and 78,6% of the semi-urban centre. Through logistic regression, the fact of belonging to the rural health centre was identified as a sole independent variable associated with protocol monitoring: urban in relation to rural OR: 0,18 (IC95%: 0,06-0,56) and semi-urban in relation to rural OR: 0,18 (IC95%: 0,05-0,58). Conclusion. In the rural health centre, there is a greater monitoring of recorded controls than in