Abstract
Microsomal metabolism has proved to be essential for the acti vation of many chemical carcinogens. For this reason in vitro mutagenicity tests include a metabolic activation system. As a rule, the metabolizing mixtures are prepared from the postmitochondrial fraction of rodent liver. While it is generally accepted that the liver is the primary organ of xenobiotic metabolism for a number of chemicals, it is also known that other tissues can contribute both to the activating and inactivating reactions. The ratio between activation and inactivation may be an important parameter in determining the target tissue of a precarcinogen. However, S-9 mixes from sources other than the liver have only seldom been used in mutagenicity tests.
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