Abstract
The effects of PUFAs on metabolic syndrome (MetS) remain to be characterized, particularly in Asians. We aimed to investigate the prospective associations of PUFAs with MetS and the role of acylcarnitines in these associations in Chinese individuals. Among 1,245 Chinese men and women aged 50-70 years who completed a 6 year follow-up, baseline erythrocyte FAs and plasma acylcarnitines were profiled using gas chromatography coupled with positive chemical ionization and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, respectively. Total n-6 PUFAs and three 22-carbon n-6 PUFAs were significantly associated with lower MetS risk comparing extreme quartiles: relative risks (RRs) (95% CIs) were 0.75 (0.57, 0.97) for total n-6 PUFAs, 0.69 (0.56, 0.85) for 22:2n-6, 0.76 (0.59, 0.99) for 22:4n-6, and 0.74 (0.58, 0.94) for 22:5n-6, while 18:3n-3 and 18:3n-6 were positively associated with MetS risk. In a network analysis, a module mostly consisting of long-chain n-6 PUFAs and very-long-chain saturated FAs was inversely associated with incident MetS (RR per SD: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.76, 0.92), and this module was more strongly associated with lower MetS risk when a short- to medium-chain acylcarnitine (C5-C10) module score was lower (Pinteraction = 0.03). Our data suggested inverse associations of total n-6 and certain long-chain n-6 PUFAs with cardiometabolic disorders, and this association might be modified by certain acy-l-carnitines.
Highlights
The effects of PUFAs on metabolic syndrome (MetS) remain to be characterized, in Asians
Adjusted relative risk (RR) of MetS according to tertiles of module 1 were 1, 0.76 (0.57, 1.03), and 0.52 (0.35, 0.75) in the lowest module 6 tertile and 0.91 (0.69, 1.21), 0.86 (0.65, 1.14), and 0.63 (0.45, 0.88) in the highest module 6 tertile, respectively. In this prospective study among Chinese men and women, we found that total n-6 PUFAs and three longchain (22-carbon) n-6 PUFAs were inversely associated with a 6 year risk of developing incident MetS, while 18:3n-3 and 18:3n-6 showed positive associations
Two FA modules consisting of long-chain n-6 PUFAs or trans-FAs were associated with a lower MetS risk
Summary
The effects of PUFAs on metabolic syndrome (MetS) remain to be characterized, in Asians. We aimed to investigate the prospective associations of PUFAs with MetS and the role of acylcarnitines in these associations in Chinese individuals. Lin. Erythrocyte PUFAs, circulating acylcarnitines, and metabolic syndrome risk: a prospective study in Chinese. A higher consumption of PUFAs has been shown to be associated with reduced risks of type 2 diabetes and CVD in Western populations [1, 2]. Recent dietary guidelines such as the 2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans encouraged PUFA intakes [3]. Sun reported receiving ad hoc consulting fees from Emavant Solutions GmbH
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