Abstract
δ-Aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity is a very sensitive indicator of lead exposure. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal pH, aminolevulinic acid (ALA) concentration, and incubation time for running the assay in both dogs and cats. Lead was added as lead chloride in vitro to the blood of dogs and cats that had not been exposed to lead. The assay was performed with use of a standardized procedure for humans. The activity levels ranged from 103 to 380 nM porphobilinogen formed per ml of erythrocytes per hour (PBG/ml RBC/h) in dogs, and from 105 to 387 nM PBG/ml RBC/h in cats, depending upon the concentration of lead in the blood. There was a strong negative exponential relationship between the blood lead concentration and the ALAD activity. The optimal conditions appeared to be pH 6.4, incubation time ≥ 30 minutes, and concentration of ALA in the buffer solution ≥ 0.005 M. These conditions are equivalent to those described for the assay in humans.
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