Erythema Nodosum Manifestation Post COVID-19 Vaccine: A Case Report

Fouzia Hali,Cyrine Marmech,Hind Alatawna,Soumiya Chiheb

doi:10.4236/wjv.2021.113005

Abstract

Erythema nodosum (EN) is a delayed hypersensitivity response that may be triggered by a range of conditions, including infections and vaccines. Rare cases of EN caused by COVID-19 were recently reported but none due to COVID-19 vaccines were documented. We report here a case of EN occurring after COVID-19 vaccination. Patient presented with painful nodular lesions of all 4 limbs, evolving for one month. These lesions appeared 48 h after the second dose of COVID-19 vaccination. The patient reported no recent infectious episodes. The physical examination found numerous, erythematous dermohypodermatitis knots with no palpable adenopathy. Some were regressive according to biligenesis shades. Biology and radiology findings eliminated other common causes of this dermatosis. The skin biopsy was done and suggested EN. The final diagnosis was post COVID-19 vaccine EN. Patient received a symptomatic treatment and had a slight improvement of the lesions 10 days after diagnosis. Physicians should be aware of the side effects of the vaccine including skin manifestations, especially since more people are bound to be vaccinated.

Highlights

Erythema nodosum (EN) is a delayed hypersensitivity response that may be triggered by a range of conditions, including infection [1], medications, pregnancy, malignancies and inflammatory processes
Erythema nodosum (EN) is a delayed hypersensitivity response that may be triggered by a range of conditions, including infections and vaccines
We report here a case of EN occurring after COVID-19 vaccination

Summary

Introduction

Erythema nodosum (EN) is a delayed hypersensitivity response that may be triggered by a range of conditions, including infection (mostly Streptococcus species) [1], medications, pregnancy, malignancies and inflammatory processes. First reported in late 2019, the COVID-19 has become a pandemic and has been. The pathogenesis is unclear, but is considered a delayed hypersensitivity reaction triggered by exposure to an antigen [1]. This case is, to our knowledge, the first report of EN manifestation in the context of a COVID-19 vaccine. It seems likely that in 2021, COVID-19 vaccines will be globally available. We should be aware of their possible side effects

Case Report

Discussion

Hali et al DOI

Conclusion