Abstract
In this paper, we analyze the bit error rate (BER) of the diffusive molecular communication (DMC) systems employing on-off keying (OOK) modulation. We also analyze the BER of the OOK-modulated DMC systems with inter-symbol interference cancellation (ISIC). Our main motivation is to introduce alternative tools for analyzing and efficiently computing the BER of the DMC systems without or with ISIC. Specifically, for the OOK-modulated DMC systems without ISIC, we first derive an exact BER expression based on the Poisson modeling of DMC systems. Then, the Gaussianand Gammaapproximation approaches are introduced to approximate the discrete Poisson distribution, and based on the approximation approaches, the corresponding BER expressions are derived. Furthermore, in order to reduce the computation complexity imposed by long inter-symbol interference, we propose the Monte-Carlo, simplified Poisson, simplified Gaussian, and the simplified Gamma approaches for BER computation. In the context of the OOK-modulated DMC systems with ISIC, we consider both the Poisson and Gaussian-approximation approaches for BER analysis. Again, exact and approximate BER expressions are derived under the Poisson, Gaussian-approximation, simplified Poisson, and simplified Gaussian approaches. Finally, the considered approaches are compared and validated by a range of performance results obtained from evaluation of the derived expressions or by simulations. Our studies show that the alternative approaches are in general effective for providing near-accurate BER estimation.
Highlights
I N MOLECULAR communications (MC), information is conveyed between nano-machines with the aid of molecules [2], [3]
We demonstrate the bit error rate (BER) performance of the on-off keying (OOK)-modulated diffusive molecular communication (DMC) systems with or without inter-symbol interference cancellation (ISIC), and compare the results obtained by the various analytical approaches considered in Sections III and IV
We have proposed a range of approaches for analyzing and computing the BER of the DMC systems without or with ISIC, based on which exact and approximate BER expressions have respectively been derived
Summary
I N MOLECULAR communications (MC), information is conveyed between nano-machines with the aid of molecules [2], [3]. SHI AND YANG: ERROR PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF DMC SYSTEMS WITH OOK MODULATION in [21], the error performance of the DMC systems with respectively three modulation schemes, namely, CSK, MoSK and the proposed so-called molecule concentration shiftkeying (MCSK), all in binary forms, has been analyzed based on Poisson modeling. Aijaz and Aghvami [32] have analyzed the error performance of the DMC systems with pulse-based modulation, and energy or amplitude detection, and some closed-form expressions have been derived by approximating both the counting noise and ISI as Gaussian noise. Singhal et al [33] have analyzed the error performance ( capacity) of the DMC systems employing an M-ary amplitude modulation or an extended modulation scheme In their analysis, molecules transmitted associated with different symbols are assumed to arrive at the receiver according to the binomial distributions, which are approximated by the Gaussian distributions for deriving the error probability.
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