Error mitigation of quantum teleportation on IBM quantum computers

Abstract

Quantum computers can perform computational tasks beyond the capability of classical computers, such as simulating quantum systems in materials science and chemistry. Quantum teleportation is the transfer of quantum information across distances, relying on entangled states generated by quantum computing. It is becoming a more secure way of sending information, but there is noise in the results. We sought to mitigate the error of quantum teleportation which was simulated on IBM cloud quantum computers. We hypothesized that the noise on all IBM quantum computers could be mitigated with noise-mitigation matrices. We created a quantum teleportation circuit which ran with shots of 500, 1000, 5000, and 8192 for four different qubit states. We studied general error trends in each machine and created two types of noise-mitigation matrices: universal and machine-specific. We then compared the mitigated results of both types of matrices. We found that there was noise for every IBM quantum computer during the trials. The universal noise-mitigation matrix for quantum teleportation for the three tested machines decreased the error for most trials and varied between 1%-5% for most cases after mitigation. The machine-specific noise-mitigation matrix mitigated the error of most machines to just 1-2%, which was a dramatic decrease from unmitigated results (varied between 1%-16% across three machines). The error rates for the machine-specific matrices have less variability than the universal mitigation matrix. We concluded that a universal mitigation matrix could be found for the three machines, but the machine-specific noise mitigation matrices were able to achieve more accurate results.