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Abstract
The adsorption of penicillin G (PC-G) from aqueous solution by magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles has been investigated. This experimental study was conducted in a laboratory scale. The effects of various operating parameters such as pH (3–11), the dosage of MgO nanoparticles (0.3–1.5 g/L), contact time (20–150 min), and concentration of PC-G (50–200 mg/L) were studied. The results showed that under optimal conditions of concentration of 50 mg/L, pH 3, MgO nanoparticles dosage of 1.5 g/L and contact time of 60 min, the maximum adsorption capacity (qm) of PC-G adsorption on MgO nanoparticles obtained was 25.66 mg/g. The process of penicillin G adsorption on MgO nanoparticles was found to depend on Langmuir (II) and Langmuir (III) adsorption isotherm models. It could be concluded that the MgO nanoparticles can be used for PC-G removal from its aqueous solution.
Highlights
The presence of pharmaceuticals and related products in the environment is proposed as a noteworthy environmental problem in the world (Richardson et al 2005; Kord Mostafapour et al 2017; Ahmadi and kord mostafapour 2017a)
The main purpose of the research is to study the adsorption of Penicillin G (PC-G) from aqueous solution using magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles
Penicillin G (PC-G) with a molar mass of 372.48 g/ mol, molecular formula C16H17KN2O4S, and wavelength of maximum absorption 248 nm (Ahmadi et al 2017a) and magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Company (USA)
Summary
The presence of pharmaceuticals and related products in the environment is proposed as a noteworthy environmental problem in the world (Richardson et al 2005; Kord Mostafapour et al 2017; Ahmadi and kord mostafapour 2017a). Penicillin G (PC-G) is composed of a core of 6-amino penicillanic acid with a side chain of benzyl. This antibiotic encompasses β-lactam loop which is very sensitive to pH, heat, and β-lactamase enzymes (Ahmadi and Kord Mostafapour 2017b; Peterson et al 2012). It has a biological half-life of 30–60 min (Ahmadi et al 2017a; Peterson et al 2012). Arbitrary and incorrect consumption of antibiotics has become essentially difficult in the
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