Abstract
A few isolated mammal teeth from some Greek coal samples of unknown origin represent a small bothriodontine anthracotheriid, ascribed to Elomeryx. Analysis of the coalification stage of the fossil-bearing coal samples indicates the Lower Miocene Moschopotamos coal pits (Katerini Basin) as the most probable site of origin. The studied teeth are metrically close to E. crispus from Western Europe but share dental apomorphies with E. borbonicus, and E. japonicus and along with Elomeryx material from some Greek and Turkish sites pose a number of systematic, biochronologic, zoogeographic and phylogenetic questions. In the light of new evidence it seems that a small but advanced Elomeryx spanned the Oligo-Miocene boundary of S. Balkans. Furthermore, a revision of the old southern Balkan record together with a parsimony analysis suggest that Bakalovia is a first stage within the evolutionary history of Elomeryx, which complicated phylogeography is further discussed.
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