Abstract
This work investigates the weld pool flow behavior by observing the flow pattern of floating slag particles for cold metal transfer (CMT) gas metal arc welding (GMAW) using three different welding wires. These wires contain different amount of deoxidizers in the form of silicon and manganese. In situ high-speed videography shows that for the wire containing a high amount of deoxidizer, the weld pool flows from the center towards the toe. With the presence of a lower amount of deoxidizers, it flows from the toe towards the center. Besides, a higher amount of CO2 in the shielding gas changes the amount and location of slag formation. Chemical composition analysis of weld metals relates the weld pool flow behavior with the amount of dissolved oxygen (surface active element). The presence of adequate amount of oxygen in the weld pool can alter the weld pool flow pattern, which changes with the amount of deoxidizers present in the materials and the amount of oxygen supplied through the shielding gas. Based on this concept, the mechanisms involved in weld pool flow pattern and slag formation location for different composition of the consumables are disclosed to improve weld quality and productivity through the selection of the proper welding consumables in CMT-GMAW.
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