Abstract
A. R. Zangerl (&) M. R. Berenbaum Department of Entomology, University of Illinois, 505 S. Goodwin, 61801-3795 Urbana, IL, USA e-mail: azangerl@life.uiuc.edu Table 7 Comparison of volatile components extracted from intact female flowers and from mechanically crushed flowers. A significant interaction between volatile constituent and crush treatment (F = 20.401, d.f. 8.16, P 0.001) from a doubly-repeated measures analysis of variance (both compound and treatment were repeated measures with no between-subjects factor) indicates that crushing did not increase all constituents equally. This table lists the ratio of the least square means for intact and crushed amounts of each compound. Three female flower stage umbellets from a single umbel of a greenhouse-grown parsnip were submerged in 200 ll hexane for 30 min. Two microliters of these extracts were separated for analysis. Four florets of each umbellet were then crushed with forceps before the umbellet was returned to the hexane for an additional thirty seconds. The umbellets were then discarded and two microliters of each of these extracts were analyzed. This particular plant did not contain caryophyllene or b-trans-bergamotene
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