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Abstract
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have a wide range of applications in human life. Accordingly, WSNs have beenthoroughly considered in research community to improve their performance and address their challenges. Eventreporting in WSNs has always been a major challenge in terms of energy consumption. Event reporting requiressensing the event and sending a reporting packet from the sensor to the centralized base station (BS). However,sensor’s energy is limited and stored in a non-rechargeable battery. Therefore, several event-reporting (or datacollection) protocols have been proposed to improve energy consumption in WSNs, and consequently, to extendtheir lifetime. In this paper, we propose an efficient event reporting protocol for WSNs called Event ReportingProtocol Based on Distributed Data Aggregation (ERP-DDA). This protocol mainly aims at reporting any event byno more than one sensor node such that energy saving is satisfied in the whole network. To achieve this goal, ERPDDAis mainly based on the following features: it is a cluster-based protocol, it is a multi-hop routing protocol, itapplies distributed data aggregation, and it employs variable clustering and cluster head selection. Simulationsshow that ERP-DDA significantly extends the lifetime of WSNs compared with other related protocols.
Highlights
As a result of the great improvement and progress in communications, digital electronics, and Micro-Electro-Mechanical systems, applications on wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have become notably diverse including healthcare applications, environmental applications, military applications, etc [10]
We propose an Event Reporting Protocol Based on Distributed Data Aggregation for WSNs (ERP-DDA)
A new energy-aware and density-based clustering and routing protocol (EA-DB-CRP) was proposed by Darabkh et al [20] for data collection in WSNs, which essentially aims to spread the load between sensor nodes, which results in balancing the energy consumption of the network and extending the life of the network
Summary
As a result of the great improvement and progress in communications, digital electronics, and Micro-Electro-Mechanical systems, applications on wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have become notably diverse including healthcare applications, environmental applications, military applications, etc [10]. Even though WSNs have different important and useful applications, they have many issues and challenges that have been considered by many researchers Some of these issues are node deployment [36], energy constraint [46], scalability issue [34], data aggregation [3], security, and network heterogeneity. The sensors require lot of energy in order to perform different tasks such as environment sensing, data analysis and aggregating, and data sending. WSNs require well-designed energy-aware protocols for event reporting and data collection in order to guarantee reduced energy consumption and extended battery lifetime. In this paper, we mainly consider and thoroughly study this category of protocols According to this type of protocols, the nodes in the network are classified into two types: Cluster Head (CH) nodes and normal nodes. The formation of clusters may be done in a fixed manner as in [13, 18] (i.e., the clustering is done after sensors deployment and it is not changed during the network lifetime) or in a variable manner as in [14, 15, 16] (i.e., it is changed every round)
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