Abstract
ABSTRACT Exploring the characteristics of erosive rain is an important aspect of studying erosive processes, and it allows researchers to create more natural and realistic hydrological simulations. The objective of this study was to analyse the characteristics of erosive rain and to determine the temporal distribution pattern of erosive rainfall in the Valley of Rio do Peixe in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Daily pluviograms from the meteorological stations located in the cities Campos Novos, Videira, and Caçador in Santa Catarina from 1984 to 2014 were utilized for this study. By studying rainfall that is classified as erosive, the values of kinetic energy, maximum intensity in thirty minutes, and the value of EI30 erosivity index were determined. The rainfall was also classified according to the temporal distribution of rainfall in advanced, intermediate, and delayed patterns. Erosive rainfalls occur at a frequency of 53.3% advanced, 31.1% intermediate, and 15.6% delayed patterns. Erosive rainfall has an average precipitation amount of 25.5 mm, duration of 11.1 h, kinetic energy of 5.6 MJ ha-1, maximum intensity of 30 min of 17.7 mm h-1, and erosivity of 206.4 MJ mm ha-1 h-1. The highest frequency of erosive rainfall occurred in rainfalls lasting from 6 to 12 h (36.1%), followed by rainfalls lasting from 4 to 6 h (22.4%).
Highlights
In the prior study on rainfall erosivity, "Erosive Rainfall in Rio do Peixe Valley in Santa Catarina, Brazil: Part I Determination of the Erosivity Index", the goal was to determine the erosivity factor
The objective of this study was to characterize the erosive rainfall based on the temporal distribution pattern in the Valley of Rio do Peixe in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil
1,516 erosive rainfalls were recorded in Campos Novos (Table 1), out of which 48.1, 34.6 and 17.2% were classified as advanced, intermediate, and delayed patterns, respectively
Summary
In the prior study on rainfall erosivity, "Erosive Rainfall in Rio do Peixe Valley in Santa Catarina, Brazil: Part I Determination of the Erosivity Index", the goal was to determine the erosivity factor. According to Eltz et al (2001), most of the studies with simulated rainfall use a single pattern of rainfall, i.e., the constant pattern. This is not an accurate simulation for tropical regions where soil losses are correlated more to high intensity rainfall with a short duration. Most of the studies on the hydrological patterns of erosive rainfall is limited to a description of the most frequent type of rainfall, without analyzing other characteristics of rain. The relationship between the characteristics of the erosive rainfall and the hydrological patterns was only analyzed and described in the study on Urussanga (Valvassori & Back, 2014)
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