Abstract
Near the interfaces between tissues and materials of higher atomic number, the dose distribution caused by X-ray exposure is strongly influenced by backscattered photo and Auger electrons. This dose enhancement, dependent on the material of the inhomogeneity and the quality of the primary radiation, typically reaches the order of 10 to 100 and is effective over distances of the order of 10 μm. The cytobiological effects of this dose enhancement have been demonstrated with V79 hamster cells and C3H10T1/2 mouse fibroblasts exposed near such surfaces. In addition to significantly enhanced cell killing, oncogenic cell transformation was found to be significantly enhanced. These results are pointing to a possible radiobiologic relevance of dose enhancements caused by implants and contrast agents in X-ray diagnostics.
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