Ergonomic Considerations for Shoulder Surgery in Combat Helicopter Pilots

Abstract

Background Military aircrew have very high demands on their musculoskeletal system, requiring a combination of fine motor co-ordination, strength and endurance to fly combat missions. In common with the rest of the military, they also are at risk of developing shoulder pathology as a result of personal training or sporting injuries in addition to their main occupational risks. Such pathologies include rotator cuff tear, impingement and instability. Methods An observational study was undertaken to assess the functional demands placed on the shoulder when flying as captain (P1) or co-pilot (P2), aiming to guide postoperative instructions issued to the aviators undergoing surgery for these pathologies. The range of movement required of the shoulder to fly as P1 or P2 was recorded. Further notes were made of specific controls that presented additional difficulty as a result of the required control pressure, and that of certain special roles, for which equipping the cabin would alter the accessibility of controls. Conclusion This information has allowed the shoulder surgery team to formulate specific guidance to issue to pilots, their chain of command and their unit medical officer after their operation to ensure the earliest possible return to flying, at the same time as maintaining the safety of the pilot, their crew and those who depend on them in conflict.