Ergonomic Analysis of Construction Jobs in India: A Biomechanical Modelling Approach

Abstract

This paper discusses the details of a study undertaken for biomechanical evaluation of a number of Manual Material Handling (MMH) tasks being carried out at a construction site in India. A comprehensive methodology involving a two dimensional dynamic biomechanical evaluation approach is developed for such construction MMH tasks involving carrying and lifting of materials like normal and Reinforcement Concrete Cement (RCC) bricks and heavy jack pipes with prevailing occupational risk factors. Data were collected through direct observations with videography at the construction site. The methodology consists of static and dynamic biomechanical modelling, assessment of different risk factors and identification of preventive and remedial measures to minimize or eliminate their effects. A motion analysis system called Ariel Performance Analysis System (APAS) was used for the workcycles of each task to determine linear and angular acceleration for body joints and segments considered along all the three coordinates using a large number frames for each workcycle. The biomechanical evaluation shows that the compressive forces at L5/S1 disc are beyond the threshold value of 3.4 KN for the construction workers carrying out such tasks. Results also indicate that there is a need for ergonomic performance improvement for such MMH tasks by the identified preventive and corrective measures