Abstract
Er3+ (0.1, 1, 5, 10, 15, or 20 mol%)-doped Gd2Ti2O7 nanocrystals were fabricated by the sol-gel method. While annealing temperature reaches 800°C, amorphous phase transfers to well-crystallized ErxGd2-xTi2O7 pyrochlore nanocrystals. The average crystal size increases from ∼70 to ∼600 nm under 800 to 1200°C/1 h annealing. Because of the fast Er-Er energy transfer, all of the Stokes photoluminescence (PL) (4I13/2 → 4I15/2 transition, ∼1534 nm) decay curves are single-exponential for samples with 0.1–20 mol% Er3+ doping concentrations annealed at 1100°C/1 h. The Gd2Ti2O7 nanocrystals with 10 mol% Er3+ doping concentration (1.56 × 1021 ions/cm3) annealed at 1100°C/1 h possess the maximum PL intensity, 77 nm full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the PL spectrum, and longest lifetime (9.52 ms). However, Er3+ (20 mol%)-doped Gd2Ti2O7 nanocrystals annealed at 1100°C/1 h exhibit the weaker PL intensity, wider FWHM of the PL spectrum (109 nm), and shortest lifetime (2.46 ms) due to the concentration quenching effect.
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