Abstract
In this article, we study secure multipath routing with energy efficiency for a wireless sensor network in the presence of eavesdroppers. We consider two objectives: (1) the multipath routing scheme for maximising the energy efficiency with security constraints and (2) the multipath routing scheme for maximising the secrecy capacity. The binary erasure channel model is adopted to describe the wireless channel states among neighbouring nodes. Based on the binary erasure channel model, the problem of multipath routing degrades to a problem of bit allocation for each path. We formulate the problems and find that the problems are both quasi-convex. For the first one, it is a linear fractional optimisation problem. The optimal solution is obtained by the Charnes–Cooper transformation. For the second one, we propose an iterative algorithm to obtain the [Formula: see text]-optimal solution. The performance analysis shows that the probability of the secure bit allocation increases along with the number of multipaths and decreases along with the number of hops per path and eavesdroppers. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the proposed algorithms.
Highlights
BackgroundMultipath routing in multihop networks has been extensively studied for distributed sensor networks.[1]
The optimal bit allocation scheme for Formulation 1 can be obtained by solving rÃ1
We turn our attention to the second target, that is, the bit allocation scheme for maximising the secrecy channel capacity
Summary
Multipath routing in multihop networks has been extensively studied for distributed sensor networks.[1]. Split multipath routing (SMR) was proposed to utilise available network resources efficiently and prevent nodes of the route from being congested in heavily loaded traffic situation.[4] Multipath routing together with diversity coding has been adopted to guarantee the probability of reconstructing the original information received at the destination.[5] In spite of these benefits, multipath routing is less energy efficient than single-path routing, since more intermediate nodes participate into transmissions. Chen et al.[6] formulated the energy consumption minimisation problem as an optimisation problem in a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) multihop network and investigated the trade-off between the EE and the bandwidth efficiency. Vahid Nazari Talooki et al.[7] proposed a new routing protocol (E2AODVv2) to provide a weighted and flexible tradeoff between energy consumption and the load dispersion. It lead Choi to investigate the optimal multipath routing scheme for the throughput maximisation under ITS constraints.[11]
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