Eradication Rate and Factors Influencing Helicobacter pylori Infection Clearance Using Standard Triple Therapy at a Single Centre in Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Study.

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori infection is a common gastrointestinal infection that affects around 50% of the global population. This infection can lead to various health conditions such as peptic ulcer disease, dyspepsia, gastric carcinoma, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. The triple therapy which consists of proton-pump inhibitors, clarithromycin, and amoxicillin or metronidazole for 14 days is considered the first-line treatment for H. pylori and its eradication, especially in areas where clarithromycin sensitivity is still high. However, recent research shows that the efficacy of this treatment is decreasing due to antibiotic resistance. This was a retrospective study that took place at Al-Hayat Jazan Hospital in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. The study analyzed the medical records of 186 patients with H. pylori who had undergone the standard triple therapy. The objectives of this study were to determine the eradication rate of H. pylori by using the standard triple therapy, and to highlight the influence of some demographic characteristics such as age, gender, diabetes mellitus, and smoking on the eradication rate, in Jazan region, Saudi Arabia. The medical records of 186 patients were included in the study. The overall rate of successful eradication was found to be 77.4%. The results of the study showed that the decline in the eradication rate was significantly associated with the presence of diabetes and smoking status (with p-values of <0.001 and <0.004, respectively). This study finds that the standard triple therapy for H. pylori eradication is less effective than optimal standards, as per literature and guidelines. Given its declining efficacy globally, alternative first-line treatments may be necessary. Further research is needed to assess its effectiveness in various regional contexts.