Equivalent Granular State Parameter in Predicting Different Forms of Cyclic Liquefaction Behaviour of Sand with Fines

Abstract

Cyclic liquefaction behaviour of sand with fines at four fines contents under non-symmetrical (about the axis of zero deviator stress) cyclic load was examined. Three forms of cyclic liquefaction behaviour were indentified, namely, cyclic instability, cyclic mobility, and transition behaviour. Experimental evidence showed that the occurrence of these three forms of cyclic liquefaction behaviour can be predicted by the equivalent granular state parameter prior to undrained shearing. Further, the triggering of cyclic instability (with or without stress reversal) can be predicted with the instability curve obtained from monotonic undrained tests.