Equivalent Distribution of Natural and Artificial Lighting in the Interior Space

Abstract

In this research, the classrooms of the College of Applied Arts in Baghdad were chosen as a model for studying the levels of illumination and the extent of their homogeneity in all points of space for four similar classrooms in terms of design. The readings obtained by measuring devices were compared with the required standards, where a large deviation of these readings was observed with general criteria due to the rotation of earth around itself. This leads to a change in the angle of sunlight falling on the windows of the interior space in one day for the period during which students were in these halls. Although natural lighting is important, by obtaining the ideal display factor of (1), it may be impossible to obtain this value by using artificial lighting in addition to the health and economic aspects. Therefore, the researchers suggested an electrical system consisting of sensors of the intensity of illumination distributed on multiple points regularly within the area. The internal space is linked to an electronic self-control panel, in a way that achieves a level of illumination and uniformity close to the required standards. This electrical circuit controls the automatic closing and opening of window blinds, which are made of metal strips or any other material chosen by the interior designer so that they move horizontally and vertically and change automatically in conjunction with the change of the angle of sunlight falling on the windows of the interior space. Each curtain is divided into parts and every part moves vertically and horizontally separately from the other part to cover a specific area of space in order to achieve the best state of homogeneity, with a level of illumination close to the general standards and for the total area of the internal space.