Equine Rabies

Abstract

With the continued increase in the number of wildlife rabies cases reported across the United States and Canada, this disease will remain a threat to the horse as the potential for exposure to infected wildlife and other domestic animals is likely to also increase. Because there are no rapid, definitive antemortem diagnostic tests, the tentative diagnosis is based upon the variable and sometimes nonspecific clinical signs. Although the CSF analysis may be helpful in some cases, it may not be abnormal. Nor is collection of the specimen always practical in the field situation. The FAT on neural tissue remains the most accurate diagnostic test; therefore, the diagnosis of rabies can be definitively made only at necropsy. Vaccination of horses with the inactivated rabies vaccines is thought to be safe and effective and may be advised for horses in endemic areas. Practitioners should consult with state or provincial authorities regarding the need for vaccination in their area. Veterinary technicians, veterinarians, and other animal health workers should be vaccinated against rabies.