Equine odontoclastic tooth resorption and hypercementosis

Abstract

Equine odontoclastic tooth resorption and hypercementosis is a relatively recently described condition of the incisors. It is characterised by roughening of the sub-gingival crown and enlargement of the apical part of the tooth. Clinical signs include pain, mastication issues and bitting problems. Theories regarding the aetiology include mechanical strain to the periodontal ligament and bacterial infection. The underlying basis is likely multifactorial and there is research ongoing to establish a cause. By addressing gaps in knowledge, the ultimate goal is to develop regenerative treatments and early intervention protocols, alleviating the pain and distress associated with the condition. Radiography is a useful imaging technique to diagnose the condition, as is microcomputed tomography which is more sensitive. Currently, there is no disease-modifying treatment and the only option available is removal of affected teeth. In some cases, this can involve surgical extraction of all incisors and is something patients are able to manage well.