Equilibrium of aliphatic amino acids on ion exchangers forming complexes in the presence of copper (II) and nickel (II) cations

Abstract

The task of isolating and separating amino acids from aqueous solutions exists in various industries. The traditional method of isolation is ligand exchange chromatography. When choosing a cation for ligand-binding chromatography based on its binding strength with the ion exchanger, often used as a sulfonated polystyrene ion exchanger keeps the copper (II) firmly enough, and therefore, it is easily replaced by other cations. Chelating ion exchangers charge cations of copper (II), which hold these ions firmly enough. In this case, separating a mixture of substances, it is due to differences in the constants of complexation agents and complexes distribution coefficients. The study of the interaction of amino acids with the aliphatic carboxylic acid, the exchange of phosphoric acid cations and the amino carboxylic and amino phosphonic polyampholytes has shown a significant effect of the pH of the medium on the nature of the sorption equilibria. Under certain conditions, in the phase of the ion exchanger in the form of complexing metal cations, the formation of new sorption centers is possible, which occur upon sorption of amino acids in the formation of mixed ligand compounds: the sorbent complex may simultaneously comprise amino acids and attached functional groups of the sorbent as ligands. The influence of the hydrogen index of the medium primarily affects the change in the nature of the formed complex compounds in the sorbent phase and the equilibrium solution and the ratio of their stability constants. If the stability constant of the ion exchanger complex is higher than the stability constant of the compound with a low molecular weight ligand, then the sorbed copper cations interact with incoming methionine ions without breaking the metal – functional group of the ion exchanger coordination bond. If the ratio of stability constants is the opposite, then the predominant elution of copper (II) cations occurs with the formation of complex compounds with an amino acid in an aqueous solution.