Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic study of the biosorption of uranium onto Cystoseria indica algae

Abstract

Biosorption equilibrium, kinetics and thermodynamics of binding of uranium ions to Cystoseria indica were studied in a batch system with respect to temperature and initial metal ion concentration. Algae biomass exhibited the highest uranium uptake capacity at 15 °C at an initial uranium ion concentration of 500 mg l −1 and an initial pH of 4. Biosorption capacity increased from 198 to 233 mg g −1 with an decrease in temperature from 45 to 15 °C at this initial uranium concentration. The Langmuir isotherm model were applied to experimental equilibrium data of uranium biosorption depending on temperature. Equilibrium data fitted very well to the Langmuir model C. indica algae in the studied concentration range of Uranium ions at all the temperatures studied. The saturation type kinetic model was applied to experimental data at different temperatures changing from 15 to 45 °C to describe the batch biosorption kinetics assuming that the external mass transfer limitations in the system can be neglected and biosorption is chemical sorption controlled. The activation energy of biosorption ( E A) was determined as −6.15 using the Arrhenius equation. Using the thermodynamic equilibrium coefficients obtained at different temperatures, the thermodynamic constants of biosorption (Δ G°, Δ H° and Δ S°) were also evaluated.